Project 2000: The Diapason Index enters Y2K

Part 3: Reporting on events of the last generation of the 20th century

by Herbert L. Huestis

From its 66th year of publication to the year 2000, The Diapason gave the account of an astounding range of events which shaped the musical life of organists in the latter half of the twentieth century. The impact of the historic organ revival shaped events on one hand, while the technology of electronic organs seemed to dominate musical activities on the other. The September, 1975 issue of The Diapason featured a banner headline which read: "Mormons Ban Pipe Organs from New Meetinghouses." The full text of the policy document # 75-4962 of headquarters of the Church of the Latter Day Saints was quoted verbatim.

 

Just a year before, at the Cleveland AGO convention of 1974, Robert Glasgow presented Tournemire's Sept Chorals-Poemes pour les Sept Paroles du Xrist (Opus 67) on a large Baldwin Organ at St. Michael's Church in Cleveland, Ohio. Only a few blocks away, there stood an new instrument built by John Brombaugh of Middletown, Ohio,  which was one of several  revolutionary organs built in the twentieth century in the USA. (Others include the Brombaugh at Ashland Baptist, Toledo, and the Fisk organs at Mt. Calvary Baptist, Baltimore, and Harvard Memorial Chapel, Cambridge.)

This organ (which was installed a year later in Grace Episcopal Church in Ellensburg, Washington) was played by Gustav Leonhardt in a presentation of early music at Trinity Cathedral, Cleveland. The organ introduced contemporary organists to a meantone temperament, wedge bellows, decorated casework, facade pipes of nearly pure lead, folding doors, a flat pedalboard and the responsive key action and "flexible wind" of historic instruments.  What an impression this organ must have made on visiting organists!

The juxtaposition of electronic organs with the influx of historically inspired organs from Europe seemed to set the stage for the last half of the twentieth century. The Diapason reported a full gamut of activity which featured both harpsichord and organ builders. One notable article was "Harpsichord Music for a Wedding," by Larry Palmer. One can see from these features the tremendous influence of early music on all phases of the organist's endeavors, as well as certain technological developments which seemed at the time to be inevitable.

A recurring theme in the years that closed the 20th century was the competitive impact of American versus European organ building. In 1971, Diapason editor Robert Schuneman recounted studies of American tariff regulations and various protectionist considerations. Then he placed at the feet of American organ builders, an "Artistic Challenge."

All of this seems to us to be a severe challenge to the American builders. We don't agree with the total indictment, but we do agree with the premise that only an artistic instrument will survive in this world. And we do agree that the American consumer product has often, but not always been short on quality. But we also feel that not everyone will agree on what an "artistic instrument" should be. When it comes to quality of work and materials, this is a little easier to define and evaluate.

Nevertheless, the indictment has been made, and we are not the first to state it publicly. We are sure that these words have been said before, and that they will be said again. American organ builders must and can answer to it. To let it be, to ignore it, is to invite its acceptance as truth. Is the poor artistic quality of the American organ the real reason for the upsurge in imported organs? We feel that the answer is part yes and part no. We would invite American organ builders to share these pages with us in responsibly answering the indictment made above.

The index to the issues that followed these benchmark events of the '70s were filled with milestones. The Diapason covered the work of the Organ Clearing House, major restorations of historical organs and celebrations of landmark organs of artistic merit. Articles written in response to the passing of E. Power Biggs and Rudolph von Beckerath seemed to crystallize the elements of the American organ revival in a uniquely positive way. George Taylor's 1977 remembrance of the von Beckerath legacy to American organ builders brought to light the work of his American students and apprentices. Throughout the pages of The Diapason, one could follow the artistic endeavors of an emerging generation of organ builders--the emphasis was on individual achievements of dedicated artisans, as well as factory production of major organ builders. The Diapason became known for its coverage of "The Art of Organ Building," to quote from the title of a 1977 article submitted by Rudolph von Beckerath.

On a personal note, I must thank Will Headlee, one of my former teachers, for donating his extensive collection of Diapason issues to Western Washington University in Bellingham--since they were duplicates in the library, the University graciously passed them on to me. I have watched visiting organ enthusiasts lose all track of time while looking over these back issues of The Diapason. This reportage of contemporary organ building and playing has now become history--and The Diapason Index is a guide that can start an interested and inquisitive reader down the path of discovery of these formative years.

 

One may search The Diapason Index on the Internet at www.wu-wien.ac.at/earlym-l/organs/diapason.search.html

by Herbert L. Huestis

It seems like eons have passed since personal computers appeared in our lives--but it has only been a little over a decade since I bought my first grey box with a green phosphor screen--a 1984 Kaypro. It was built like a truck, was a great word processor, made no fan noise, and the cursor did not blink. Unfortunately, this super typewriter was considered obsolete in three years, and I replaced it with a "PC" with a fan so loud I thought it was going to take off. Nowadays, when I acquire a computer, I kill the blinking cursor and fuss with the fan to make it as quiet as the old Kaypro. So much for "keeping up!"

Today, the Internet challenges us as much as those first computers did. Kenneth Matthews writes to Piporg-L from San Francisco:

All right. If someone will explain to me, I promise to pay attention this time. I can't figure out (or remember) where Osiris actually is . . .

--Kenneth (spinning my wheels in cyberspace) Matthews

Ken's problem is not unique on the Internet. There are thousands of offerings, but you have to know where to find them. The Osiris Archive is no exception. Ken is trying to keep up, too.

There is so much activity on the OrganNet (Piporg-L) that most "cyber-organists" are panting to keep pace. Piporg-L started with 40 subscribers and has since passed the 600 mark. I long resisted Windows software, thinking I could avoid clicking on icons in favor of the ten commandments of DOS. Finally, I gave in so I could "surf the net" when Piporg-L joined the World Wide Web with their own "web page." This "hypertext" presentation of Piporg-L includes a link to the Osiris Archive as well.

What does all this mean?   Well, it means that you can load "Mosaic" or "Netscape," set your sights on http://albany.edu/~piporg-l or http://osiris.wu-wien.ac.at/ftp/pub/earlym-l/organs

and a page will appear on your computer screen to guide you through the OrganNet (Piporg-L) or The Osiris Archive.

From these "web pages" you can investigate a variety of organ topics from the Organs of Glasgow, to over six hundred specifications in the Osiris Archive. This is a big jump from just a few years ago, when this whole business was just getting started.

Here in a nutshell, are a few corners of cyberspace that organists can enjoy:

Piporg-L: Pipe organs and related topics

http://albany.edu/~piporg-l

The Piporg-L web page will introduce you the contents of the list, starting with a quick guide to searching the archives, biography files, the Osiris Archive, and recordings of organ music in the CD-Connection catalog.

Osiris Archive

http://osiris.wu-wien.ac.at/ftp/pub/earlym-l/organs/

The Osiris Archive web page describes how to search for over 600 organ specifications in the Osiris database. It lists help files that answer the most frequently asked questions about the archive--how to search for files, upload and downloadspecifications and how to volunteer to type new specifications for the archive. Last but not least, it provides a link to The Diapason Index --some 14,000 entries from the annual reviews that are published each year.

The Osiris Archive is growing daily with submissions from all over the world. The archive is located at the Vienna University of Economics and is part of the Earlym-L archives (a sister list to Piporg-L).  As hoped, it contains not only organ specifications, but playing impressions, recording discography and builders' notes. This material is kept in a free form database and is listed by organ builder, site, city, country and date of construction.

The Diapason Index

http://osiris.wu-wien.ac.at/ftp/pub/earlym-l/organs/diapason.index

The Diapason Index may now be searched online from the Osiris Archive web page, or may be downloaded into your own word processor. These files are "comma delimited text files" and may be imported into your favorite database program, such as Dbase or FoxPro.  Downloading the file takes a bit of time --usually about 20 minutes if you have a fast modem.

Organ CDs

http://albany.edu/~piporg-l/organcds.@cd-conn

This spring, Ben Chi, co-owner of Piporg-L, posted an announcement that he had downloaded the organ catalog of The CD Connection, a well known catalog order firm. He culled out some 1,500 organ CDs and saved them on Piporg-L. To download this CD list by email, send this message to

[email protected]:

get organcds.@cd-conn

Be prepared for a moderate length download. This is a 27 page text file. Once you have loaded this file into your word processor, you may search for title, composer and artist, using your own word processor's "search" command. Prices of the organ CDs in this catalog are reported to be very competitive.

Part 1: Human interest prevails in the first 33 years of the publication of The Diapason - 1909 to 1942

by Herbert L. Huestis

 

“Project 2000” was chosen as the name for the compilation of The Diapason Index—an electronic database of articles, general information and historical trivia found in the pages of The Diapason from 1909 to the present. This information was gleaned from index cards and yearly annotations from the magazine’s inception in 1909. When the project was initiated, it was expected to take five years to complete, hence the goal of “Project 2000.” However, the enthusiasm of volunteers who gathered the data was so great that it was all done in only two years. All that remained was to keep the database current until Y2K.

When one looks over this voluminous data which comprises some 15,000 records, the reader is struck by the nature of “newsworthy” events, particularly in the early years in the publication of The Diapason. A trip down memory lane proves to be extremely colorful and full of human interest. The nature of organ recitals and concertizing was profoundly different from our present day.

The art of organ building, while supposedly “decadent” by current standards, was extremely vibrant if one looks at the size and enthusiasm of audiences. For example, in 1912, the Estey organ company of Brattleboro, Vermont, sold an organ to the Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany. In 1928, Earnest Skinner hired special trains to take New York and Philadelphia organists to the dedication of his new organ at Princeton University. The organists who dedicated that organ had huge followings. They were Lynnwood Farnam, Chandler Gold-thwaite, Charles Courboin, Rollo Maitland and Ralph Downes.

Even the dark side of human events had no lack of interest. Here are some events that are outrageous even by present standards.

February, 1912: Four parishioners attacked Philadelphia organist Rudolph Loskat in the loft of St. Matthew’s Slavic Catholic Church when his rector refused to replace him with an organist of their choice. They threatened to throw him over the gallery rail and turned violently on the rector when he tried to intervene. Mr. Loskat exited quickly.

June, 1913: Militant British suffragettes set fire to the organs in several churches, presumably to draw attention to their cause of  “votes for women.” The organ of St. Anne’s Church at Lastborne was burned May 15 and that at the parish church of Penn, Buckinghamshire on May 14.

Some reported “crimes” were trivial, such as an event in July of 1914 when organist Edward Kreiser was “freed in municipal court in Kansas City from the charge of speeding when he proved he had driven his car 35 miles an hour in order to reach Independence Boulevard Christian Church on time to play for a wedding service.”

Other events were disturbing, desperate and dark. Or curious. Or funny.

June, 1938: A.B. Davis defrauded organ men in various parts of the country. He was a clever swindler whose activities had received publicity in the columns of The Diapason. He was trapped in the Chicago office of M.P. Möller, Inc., and later sentenced to jail for six months. He had served eight prison terms.

February, 1913: Former organist Thomas Griglak, of St. Michael the Archangel Church, Chicago, sued the church’s pastor for $20,000 for slander for calling him “a liar, swindler and drunkard” from the pulpit after demanding his resignation.

May, 1913: Retiring organist Ernest Jores sued a steward of the Grand Avenue Methodist Church of Kansas City, Missouri for $20,000 charging slander. Meanwhile the Ladies Aid Society adopted a motion to withhold the payment of money into the general fund until Mr. Jores’ dismissal was reconsidered.

Indeed, they were the Ladies “Aid”!

Some organists were incredibly selfless, as in the case of Fred Maurer, who was reported in October of 1913 to have played the organ in Zion Lutheran Church of Wilton, Iowa for 50 years, without pay. In honor of this anniversary, he was given a purse of fifty one dollars, one for each year and one for good measure!

Meanwhile some other organists got into terrible trouble.

April, 1942: Organist Courtney Rogers was executed in Los Angeles for the murder of his father and mother. He also confessed to the murder of his grandmother in 1935.

Employers, of course, were up to their usual shenanigans, measured by the social mores of the day.

March, 1914: An editorial quoted and excoriated a news story about an organist playing “ragtime” on the organ in the public auditorium at Topeka, Kansas.

October, 1914: W. H. Donley, a Seattle organist, was given the alternative of abandoning his playing in the Colonial Theater or resigning from his post at the First Methodist Church; he chose to continue at the theater where he was a featured recitalist and did not accompany the movies.

Traveling recitalists set new standards across the country. In 1911, Edwin Arthur Kraft made an extensive tour with a group of 70 programs which included some 700 pieces (September, 1911). By 1920, Charles Courboin was traveling the country by airplane. This was not surprising, since he was also known for his love of fast cars.

If their professional positions turned sour, organists did not take well to sitting on the “back bench.” In 1914, the famous organist-composer Harry Rowe Shelly sued the secretary of the music committee of new York’s Calvary Baptist Church when its merger with Fifth Avenue Baptist cost him his job. On the other side of the coin, there are many tales of  unflappability, such as one in 1913 when Lynnwood Farnam played without missing a beat when a windstorm blew down a church tower and shattered windows.

Crowds of thousands were described at the recitals of the star organists. Exhibitions featured enormous pipe organs. In the absence of civic orchestras, it was organ recitalists who introduced the populace to the symphonic repertoire. This brought fame and fortune and if one may read between the lines, the human side of organ playing was never more prominent.

As the century progressed, articles and events in The Diapason highlighted the evolution of the organ as a musical instrument with scholarly insight and in-depth study. The “Two Manual” issues were classics, and fascinating subjects were researched with articles such as Frank Owen’s series on Boy Choirs and English Cathedrals. Organ builders’ announcements took interesting twists and turns, and wartime shortages had a pronounced effect on organ building. A description of these articles and events will be the subject of Part II of this series on The Diapason Index. However, one can only marvel at the depth of the human condition of organists and their mentors in the first thirty years of the publication of The Diapason.            n

 

by Herbert L. Huestis

The organ world of the Internet is indeed awash in web pages--a tangled mass of advertising with each "www.com" page clamoring for the "net-surfer's" attention. Some are merely informative sites, while the greatest share are "home pages" of organ builders and technicians. No one wants to be left out of the world wide web--there are books in every drug store promoting the benefits of advertising on the Internet. Someone behind every new web page is hoping for a bit of the largess that is promised by the purveyors of a new form of drug store novel: How to Succeed on the Web! What was once a vehicle for research and information is looking more and more like a topsy-turvy "yellow pages."

That being said, the situation will surely get worse before it gets better. Here and there one finds various sites that guide the earnest user amongst and between the "billboards," so they can find topics of real interest. The first bit of advice to organists who want to let their "fingers do the walking" on the Internet is to start with major "links" in the organ world, rather than trying to sort out the thousands of entries that are listed on the "search engines" like Webcrawler, Lycos, Yahoo, InfoSeek and Alta Vista.

Some links are found right where you would expect them--for example, The American Guild of Organists at http://www.agohq.org and the Royal College of Canadian Organists at http://www.capitalnet.com/~rjewell/rcco.html. Many fine offerings may be found at "Pipe Organs and Related Topics" at http://uacsc2.albany.edu/~piporg-l and of course, The Diapason at http://www.sgcpubs.com/thediapason.html and The Osiris Archive at http://osiris.wu-wien.ac.at/earlym-l/organs.

A most unexpected listing of pipe organ subjects appears under the "Nerdworld" banner at http://www.nerdworld.com.nw8061.html. Here the reader will find the American Pipe Organ Builders Association pages, resource pages for finding recordings of pipe organ related compact disks, and the usual organ builders' home pages!

Enough of internet jargon--perhaps it is useful to highlight typical people and places that serve as tour guides to this electronic malaise of competing "addresses." There are a few personalities who have emerged as leaders in "OrganNet" happenings. Here they are:

Ben Chi and Piporg-L

http://uacsc2.albany.edu/~piporg-l

The Piporg-L list remains as the most successful email gathering place for organ enthusiasts. The links presented here are logical and well organized. An evening spent perusing information and organizations here will be rewarding indeed.

Steve Fox and The Seattle Pipe Organ Scene

This is a fine example of "area" tours that are available on the net. Similar examples may be found all over the world. Armchair travelogues abound, and thanks to the web, world-wide commuters can plan the itinerary of any trip around organs of a geographical area. Steve can be found at http://www.eskimo.com/~sfox/seaorgan.htm.

Maureen Jais-Mick and AGO online

Ongoing columns in The American Organist serve as an excellent guide to OrganNet surfers. Its not a bad idea to clip out these columns and keep a little notebook of worthy places. Look for Maureen at http://www.agohq.org/-tao/agonline.html

Ross Jewell and Christopher Dawes of the RCCO

These two gentlemen are the "communications" department of the RCCO and their guide to the net is very focused and well organized.

Nerdworld

Nerdworld links are available in an extensive number of subject areas and topics of interest. This straightforward listing tends to highlight important organizations and associations and picks up important links that are hard to find elsewhere.

Here are a few tips to help unravel the morass of information you will encounter in a typical jaunt on the Internet.

Bookmark your interesting links

All internet software has long provided a means to "bookmark" points of interest found in an evening's surfing. That little mouse button called "add bookmark" can be extremely handy if you want to return to the scene of the crime to gather a bit more information later.

Saving documents

"Control-S" usually saves the document you are scanning directly to your computer. It's a sort of "quick ftp" meaning "file transfer protocol." That means you can almost effortlessly gather complete web pages and organ tours by "copying the file," or "saving as . . . "

Open a simultaneous word processor while you are "surfing"

It can be most helpful to open a word processor in your computer before you open your web browser. This means that if you come across an interesting address or site location, you can "copy" a bit of the screen text you encounter for future reference.

Keep a "link" notebook

This is the usual enjoinder to "organize your thoughts." It seems that "surfing" on the net suggests that the computer user is mindlessly floating from one bit of information to another, when in fact, we know that the human brain does not actually have to operate that way. Many folks are natural organizers in many aspects of their life, and once they sit in front of their computer, they have the option managing their time there, just they do in other aspects of their work and leisure. It's odd that people who would not take a motor trip without a planned itinerary will park themselves in front of the computer screen and mindlessly click the mouse without thinking "where am I going and what am I doing?"

Take heart. You can plan your computer commute the same way you plan other activities. As they say, "Just do it!" If you take the time to write down your preludes and postludes and choral anthem of the week--you can make a few notes of the sites you want to visit--that way you can reduce your computer time a bit, so that you don't raise the dander of the "computer widow (or widower)" in the other room. Bon Voyage!

by Herbert L. Heustis

Herbert L. Heustis is a contributing editor of THE DIAPASON.

In the process of building an electronic index, the immense value of the Internet became apparent. The most difficult challenges were exemplified by two problems: the first was the need for easy data entry and the second was a need for universal access, once the work was completed.

Ease of data entry required a way to get data into the computer without bogging down in a laborious time and cost intensive process.  Funds were not only "limited"—they were nonexistent. The solution to this problem was the work of volunteers who were retired organ enthusiasts. Typing assignments were organized into 10-hour blocks. Each volunteer had an assignment and, upon completion, sent the diskette to us. They could use any word processor and pace themselves at their best rate.

The second problem was not so easily solved. A "beta" version of the software was circulated with mixed results. Some users praised the work we had done and others replied with a litany of complaints relating to the software—they were very frustrated if it didn't work on their computer! It was obvious that we were facing a problem of universal access, as well as distribution, packaging and the like.

The answer to these problems became apparent one evening when your lowly scribe was surfing the net and came across the Early Music Archive at the University of Vienna School of Economics. It was our enormous good fortune that Gerhard Gonter, administrator of the archive, offered us a place on the "Osiris" computer. Thus, the Osiris Archive of organ specifications was born and with it, a home page for Herbert L. Heustis Index.

Technically, the Osiris Archive is a "Unix FTP Site" which means that it is completely transparent and "software free." The files on this site can be downloaded to any computer with any net browser or ftp software.

The reader can now see that we achieved both universal data entry and universal access. By eliminating the requirement for any particular software, we removed barriers to the use of the program and the acquisition of information. Over the last decade, there have been numerous announcements of "organ databases," but few actual accomplishments. It is a good guess that the gremlin that stops progress on these project is the need for specific software, formatting and hardware requirements. The Internet and the free-form databases that it makes possible solve these problems and allow database projects to go forward to completion. In its ninth decade of publication, Herbert L. Heustis salutes the Internet for making its electronic database possible.

by Herbert L. Huestis

The Osiris Archive--A Personal Account

Internet address:

http://osiris.wu-wien.ac.at/ftp/pub/

earlym-l/organs/

The Osiris Archive, since its inception a little over a year
ago, has grown to over 1300 organ specifications and sports a 23-page index. There is every reason to believe that it will soon double or quadruple in size. The idea of a database for organ specifications and related information has been
around for quite a long time, but the Osiris database actually worked. Why?

For me, the biggest problem in creating an organ database
was not how to enter the data, but how to design a format that would accept
information from a variety of sources without being too restrictive. Typical
databases work just fine for phone books and the rolodex at the office, but as
they grow more complex to accommodate a wide variety of details, they become
more restrictive with regard to how data may be organized. The accommodation of
organ specifications, scalings, drawings, photographs, discography and a host
of other particulars is no easy matter.

The idea of working on an organ database came into focus
when I attended the conference on "The Historical Organ in America,"
hosted by Arizona State University, The Westfield Center and The American Organ
Academy in 1991. (See Huestis and Zuiderveld, "The Historical Organ in
America," The Diapason, June 1992:10.) The outcome of that conference was
a unique organ documentary published by the Westfield Center. This documentary
was most unusual because a group of artisan organ builders, rather than
harboring "trade secrets," released architectural drawings, scalings
and procedures used for the construction of a series of very fine instruments.

That uniqueness was also evident in the wide diversity of
this chronicle of hand made organs--ranging from John Brombaugh's mean-tone
organ for the Haga Church in Göteborg, Sweden to Fritz Noack's
reconstruction of the famous Hook organ at Mechanic's Hall in Worcester,
Massachusetts.

The presentation of these volumes of data was enhanced by
the masterful editing done by Lynn Edwards of The Westfield Center. She was
able to put together a readable publication that dealt with a huge variety of
information. Squeezed into this account of contemporary organ building were
such diverse subjects ranging from tuning and temperaments to the details of
electronic combination actions. She included pipe scalings, computer drawings
(CAD), printouts of wind chest designs and illustrations of reed shallots. And
brought it off in an attractive and readable volume!

All this made me think: "How can you do something like
this in a database? Can it take in all these different kinds of information
without coming apart at the seams?" As I pondered these questions, I was
slowly learning the  mysteries of
the "Unix" computer operating system, so that I could "surf the
'Net." This was just a few years ago--before the latest generation of
computers made the Internet into a picture show. At that time, Unix operating
systems were the basis for many bulletin boards and electronic meeting places
along the Internet's cyber-highway. I realized that the Unix system was a key
to a comprehensive database for organs, because it could accommodate a huge
variety of information the same way that electronic bulletin boards house thousands of computer files on an immense array of subjects.

I struggled with this notion for a couple of years when a
solution came to me through a contact on the Internet. Piporg-l (the OrganNet)
had become established and was growing rapidly. Along with Piporg-l, a sister
list had appeared called Earlym-l. In addition to the usual offerings of early
music trivia, recordings and general comment, it included archive at the
University of Economics in Vienna. By and by, I corresponded with Gerhard
Gonter, a systems analyist at the Vienna facility, who had set up a database
list, primarily having to do with early music recordings and catalogs. I told
him what of my interest in a pipe organ database, and he offered me a spot in
the Osiris computer to set up a directory, and subsequently a home page for
world wide web access.

Running on this unix system, the Osiris directory was ideal
for a completely free-form database. I could catalog entries by builder, site,
city, country and date and anything else that seemed like a pertinent key word.
Like this:

Cavaille-coll.notre-dame.paris.france.1868

Each keyword is separated by a period, and altogether, they
become the unique title of a file that may be read with any word processor.
There are no special "fields" or "catalogues" or
"tables" to worry about. The Internet is an ideal location for this
kind of database and its phenomenal growth is surely the result of its
interactive nature. Had this database been started "in the blind"
without the possibility of interactive access, its growth would probably have
been much more limited.

Another key element in the growth of the Osiris Archive is
the participation of about a dozen volunteers in the preparation of document
files. Volunteers come from all over the world--the USA, Germany, England,
Singapore, Italy, and Australia, to name a few places. Several volunteers have
concentrated on historic organs, making many of the entries especially
invaluable. Some have specialized in particular places, such as the organs of
Oxford, England. Some files are very complex, with scalings for all the pipes
of the organ. Others are simply the specification and little else. A file can
be long or short, simple or complex, a simple document or a spreadsheet. All
are accessible on the Unix system.

It is a mark of acceptance of the Osiris Archive that more
and more requesters  are
disappointed when they do not find a specification there. The present total of
1300 organs is just a beginning. The time will surely come when the list is
many times that number and many organs will be represented not only by their
stoplist, but discography, builders' notes, scales and "all sorts and
conditions" of data. Until that time, we can just watch it grow.
style='mso-tab-count:1'>   

Here is an analysis of the Osiris Archive, dated January 16,
1996, giving the number of organs for each builder.

   1: adams

   1: adema

   1:
aeolian-skinner-sipe

  21:
aeolian-skinner

   5:
aeolian

   1: agati

   1:
ahrend-brunzema

   5:
ahrend

   2:
aizpuru

   1:
akerman-lund

   1: alain

   1:
alberdi-marti

   1: alley

  28: amezua

  10: andover

   1:
anneessens

   2:
antegnati

   2:
appleton

   1:
aragones

   1:
argaiz

   1:
arrizabalaga

  20: austin

   1:
azarola

   1: baetz

   1:
banayas

   1:
banzaf

   1:
baquero

   1:
barckhoff

   1: bates

   1: batz

   1: beckerath-wolff

  14: beckerath

  15: bedient

   1:
benzmiller

   2:
berdalonga

   7:
berghaus

   1:
berns-pels-zoon

   1:
betolaza

   1:
bielfeld

   1:
bielfeldt

   7:
bigelow

   1: binss

   1:
birouste

   2:
blancafort

   7: blank

   1:
boisseau

   7: bond

   1: bono

   3: bosch

   1:
bozeman-gibson

   4:
bozeman

   1:
bradford

   2:
breinbauer

   1:
brindley-foster

   1:
brombaugh-richards-fowkes

  15: brombaugh

   1: brown

   2:
brunner

   1:
buckhow

   4:
buzard

   1:
byfield

   1:
cadinanos

   1:
cahmen

   2:
caimari

   2:
calvete

   1:
cananos

   1: carod

  14: casavant

  24:
cavaille-coll

   1:
chapline

   2:
christersen-soenner

   1:
christoph

   1:
church

   4:
clicquot

   1:
cole-woodbury

   1:
collins

   1:
collon-st-michael

   1:
conacher

 
style="mso-spacerun: yes">  1: coulter

   1: crum

   1:
dallam-willis-walker

   1:
danion-gonzales

   1:
daublaine

   1:
deania

   1:
debierre-beuchet

   1:
debierre

   1:
delarosa

   1: dial

   2:
dobson

   1:
donahue

   4:
dourte

   1: drake

   1:
ducroquet

   1:
duyschot-vater

 
style="mso-spacerun: yes">  1: duyschot

   2:
echevarria

   1:
egedacher

   3:
eleizgaray

   4: erben

   1:
estadella

  11: estey

   1:
evans-barr

   1: fabry

   1:
farmer

   1:
farrand-votey

   2:
faucher

   1:
fincke

   1:
fisk-andover

  26: fisk

  10: flentrop

   2: forster-andrews

   1:
fowler

   1:
freiburger

   1:
freundt

   1:
freytag

   2:
fritts-richards

   6:
fritts

   2:
frobenius

   1:
fuhrer

   2:
gabler

   1:
garnier

   1:
garrels

   1:
gerhardt

   1: ghys

   2: gill

   1: gluck

   2: gober

   1: goetz

   8: gomez

   2:
goulding-wood

   1: graaf

   1: grant

   2:
gray-davidson

   2: gray

   3:
grenzing

   2:
groenlunds

   1:
grotian

   1:
grueneberg

   1:
guilbault-therien

   1:
guilbaut-therien

   1:
guillemin

   3:
guzowski-steppe

   1:
hagerbeer-schnitger

   1: hall

   1:
hamill

   1:
hammarberg

   1:
hammond

   4:
harris

   4:
harrison-harrison

   8:
harrison

   2:
harrold

   1:
hedlund-marcussen

   1:
heinrich

   1:
hencke

   1:
hendrickson

   2:
herbst

   1:
hernandez

   1: hesse

   2:
heuvel

   1: hilbus

   2:
hildebrandt

   6:
hill-norman-beard

   8: hill

   1:
hillebrand

   2:
hinsch

   1: hinsz

   1: hoack

   2:
hofmann

   1:
holtkamp-sparling

   5:
holtkamp

   2:
holzhey

   1:
hooghuys

  10:
hook-hastings

   1:
hook-noack

  21: hook

   1: hoppe

   1:
howard

   1:
howell

   2:
hradetzky

   1: humpe

   2:
hutchings-plaisted

   1:
hutchings-votey

   1:
hutchings

   1: iben

   1:
ihalainen

   3:
inchaurbe

   1:
international-organ-found

   1:
irisarre-serrano

   1:
isnard

   6:
jaeckel

   1: jann

   2: jardine

   1:
jehmlich

   5:
johnson

   5: jones

   1:
jordan

   2: jurva

   1:
kaat-en-tijhuis

   9:
kangasala

   1: kegg

   1:
kemper

   2: kern

   1:
kessler

   1:
kilgen-fabry

   4:
kilgen

   8:
kimball

   3: king

   1:
kirkham

  10: klais

   1:
klapmeyer

   1:
kleuker

   6: kney

   1: knol

   1:
koenig

   1:
koenken-grimm

   1: konig

   3:
koppejan

   1:
kreienbrink

   1: kuhn

   1:
kyburz

   2:
ladegast

   5: lane

   1:
larraga

   1: lauck

   1:
laukhuff

   1:
lawson

   1:
lefebre

   7:
letourneau

   2:
levsen

   1:
lewis-harrison

   2:
lewis-hitchcock

   5: lewis

   1:
lingiardi

   1: link

   1: list

   1:
lively-fulcher

   1:
llopis

   1:
loback

   2:
lorentz

   2:
maarschalkerweerd

   4:
mander

   2:
maneru

   1:
maneua

   1:
marceau

   8:
marcussen

   1:
marklove

   1: marti

   1:
martin

   1:
martinez

   1:
meere-quelhorst

   1:
merklin-kuehn

   3:
merklin

   6:
metzler

   1: meyer

   1:
michell-thynne

   2:
midmer-losh

  15: moller

   1:
monturas

   1:
monturus

   5: moore

   1:
morey-barnes

   1: morey

   1: moser

   1:
moucherel-formentelli

   1:
moucherel

   2:
mueller

   2:
muller

   1: mundt

   1: munoz

   1:
murphy

   1:
mutin-cavaille-coll

   1: mutin

   1:
navaratnum

   1:
neidhart-lhote

   1:
neijenhoff

   1: neri

   3:
nicholson

   1: niehoff-johansen

   1:
noack-hook

   3: noack

   3:
noehren

   2:
nordlie

   1:
oberlinger

   3: odell

   1:
oestreich

   1: oliva

   1:
ontko-young

   6: ontko

  11:
organeria-espanola

   1: oria

   3:
ortega

   2: ott

   1:
papenius

   1:
paschen

   3: pasi

   1: perez

   1:
peruga

   2:
petty-madden

   1:
phelps

   1:
phelps

   2:
phelps

   1: pike

   4:
pilcher

   2:
pilzecker

   1:
pirkkanen

   1: pock

   1:
pozalgues

   1:
proscia

   1: puget

   1: putz

   1: puyo

   1:
quarles-mander

   1:
quimby

   1: ranft

   1: range

   5:
redman

   1:
reichel

   7: reil

   1:
reques

   3:
reuter

   1:
richards-fowkes

   1:
richards

   1:
richborn

   3:
rieger-kloss

  10: rieger

   1: riepp

   1: roche

   1:
rodriguez

   6:
roosevelt

  29: roques

   4:
rosales

   1:
rottenstein

   1: rueda

   5:
ruffatti

   4:
ruggles

   1: rule

   1:
rushworth-dreaper

   1:
russell

   1: ryder

   2:
salazar

   3:
sanchez

   1:
sanchez

   1:
sandtner

   3:
sanjuan

   1: saur

   1:
schaedle

   8:
schlicker

   1:
schmieder

  16: schnitger

   1:
schoeler

   8:
schoenstein

   1:
schonat

   1:
schott

   1:
schrider

   1:
schroter

   1:
schuelke

   5:
schuke

   1:
schwann

   1:
semrad

   2:
serassi

   1: sharp

   1:
sieber

  17: silbermann

   1:
simmons

   9: sipe

  23: skinner

 
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> 1: smethurst

   4: smith

   2:
snetzler

   1: spain

   1: spath

   1: stein

   5:
steiner

   3:
steinmeyer

   3:
stellwagen

   4:
stevens

   1:
stoltz

   1:
streit

   1:
stromback

   1:
swart-hagerbeer

   2:
tamburini

   1:
tannenberg

   7:
tarazona

  10:
taylor-boody

   1:
thielmann

   2:
thomas

   1:
thompson

   3: thule

   1:
tilton

   1:
toledo

   1: treat

   1: trebs

   1:
treutmann-hillebrand

   2: trost

   1: tuomi

   1:
ugarte

   1:
unknown-italian

  75: unknown

   1:
urarte

   2:
usarralde

   1: valdonado

   1:
van-deventer

   1:
van-daalen

   3:
vandaalen

   3:
vater-mueller-witte

   1: vater

   2:
verdalonga

   2:
virtanen

   1:
visscher

   4:
visser-rowland

   1:
volkland

   1:
von-holy

   1: votey

   2:
votteler-holtkamp

   1:
wadsworth-taylor

   4:
wagner

   1:
wahlstrom

   1:
walcker-flentrop

   9:
walcker

   9:
walker

   1:
wanamaker

   1:
wandke-frels

   1:
wangerin

   1:
weisse

   9:
wells-kennedy

   1:
welte-mignon

   1: welte

   1:
westenfelder

   1:
whalley-genung

   8: wicks

   1: wiese

   7:
wilhelm

   1:
willis-mander

  12: willis

   1:
winterhalter

   2: woehl

   1: woehl

  16: wolff

   1:
woodberry

   1:
wulf-dalitz

   7:
wurlitzer

   1: ynes

   1:
yokota

   3:
zimmer

Total = 1290